Can I sue my job for working constantly understaffed?

Unless you have a contract that says you only have to provide care for 9 patients, they make make you cover the extra patients.

Will I be fired ? Is it possible for them to give me a second chance?

Any answer is mere guessing, as it would be within their rights to fire you.

Can I sue if my boss is taking money out of my check without my knowing?

If you are hourly employee, you are entitled to be paid for all hours that you worked. If you are not, you should contact the NY State Department...

In a federal case concerning discrimination is a mental health provider required to give all records and attend a deposition.

You would need to subpoena them to get them to appear for a deposition.

Is the case dismissed

Based on this, it looks like you case was dismissed because it was settled.

Can my employer call my doctors office to verify my doctors note?

Why do you think that? Also, they can confirm that you went to to the doctor on the day in question.

you mentioned that you are in a union. I would contact them to see if this is a violation of the CBA.

Can I sue my ex employer if he has called NYPD and is constantly because of that harassing me.Thnak you. Harrasming me ?

If they are making knowingly false statements about you, you may have a defamation claim.

Can I sue my employer ?

Your employer has to provide you with your pay stubs at the time she paid you.

Can I be written up months later by a former supervisor for activities from months ago.

Unless she is targeting you for your membership in a protected class (your race, religion, national origin, etc.), then what she did is not illegal.