I would suggest contacting a few employment law attorneys. Discuss your options (paying hourly vs. contingency) and find the one that you are...

Have I been wrongfully terminated?

You should contact an employment law attorney. It sounds as though there could possibly be issues of retaliation/whistleblower protection and...

Do I have legal recourse for an at-will employer after letting-go/firing after 5 weeks and insufficient training?

Unfortunately, based on your description, it does not sound as though you would have any legal recourse for a wrongful termination.

Cases such as these can be heavily fact based. Your best option is to contact an employment law attorney for a consultation.

Can my employer take a hour away from my time card for "lunch"?

Without further information, this would not be legal.

Is the adverse employment action ready to be pursued under FEHA?

My advice would be the same as that of attorney Holzman.

Do I need a lawyer?

You should absolutely consult a workers comp attorney.

Can my manager change there mind about shift swapping a day later?

All of the above attorneys are correct. Your employer is entitled to swap your shift.

Do I have a case?

Based on the limited information that you provided, it does not seem as though you would have a viable case. Generally, an employer has great...

As a company who provided labor, what options do I have for non-payment by subcontractor?

You should file a mechanic's lien, assuming that you still are within the 90 day period to do so. Although more facts would be helpful, you may...