How does the "First to Publish" work?

Loss of rights to patent a new structure that does something occurs if prior to filing for a patent there is publication of the structure such that...

Bad enough that the cost he'll pay for litigation fees will surpass all income he could ever make by selling counterfeit paintings. See IP Counsel.

If you buy an uncopyeighted piece of artwork would you ever owe the painter a royalty?

The Copyright Property exists when the work of authorship is fixed in a tangible medium. The Copyright Property, with all attendant rights, exists...

Does trademark counterfeiting apply to all items or just money?

Representing something to have a source other than the actual source is counterfeiting. It applies to money, T-shirts, and nuts and bolts. See IP...

No. Downloading for your personal use is copyright infringement. It is not illegal as a crime. Downloading is making a copy which is a property...

I have a youtube channel that is doing very well. In all of my videos i say a Phrase. can i trademark or copyright this phrase?

The phrase is not likely protected by copyright. RE: Trademark, the phrase would normally be seen in the collar or on the cuff of a T-shirt to...

If you buy the Copyright then you become the one who has the rights of a copyright owner - copy, derivatives, etc. And you have the original work....

In responding to an office action likelihood of confusion - can I use this as an opportunity to respond to t-mark infringement?

They've filed and you haven't. Your use is common law in the same class as the filing party. You may not persuade the Examiner but may resist...

Is this legal to do without my permission?

If it is their own original version then they own the copyright to that original version. However, where the prior version, which is your version,...

Yes as in "The protective spray has been successively used with Nike, Adidas and others." But no use suggesting that Nike or Adidas are associated...