Can I create a journal w/short excerpts from popular authors-highlighting their book and asking a short question related to it?

Probably yes. Copyright infringement is copying that is the same or substantially similar to another's work of authorship. Fair Use can allow the...

Is a 'how to guide' that includes various exercise routines considered 'educational purposes' under fair use copyright law?

Perhaps the question is "if i copy several exercise routines" from a publication of exercises, will that use be considered "Fair Use". Not likely....

A new and useful product is subject to Patent Protection. Unless the additive is obvious to a person of ordinary skill. See IP Counsel.

If Public Domain means that the copyright has expired then ok. If copyright remains then the song is a derivative work which infringes. See IP...

If you've taken the photos then you are the copyright owner. If you've put your logo on the photo then its your logo. You are not selling cars. ...

Are you able to copyright publicly available information?

You can use information and even text or sound or snippets of copyright material if it is to comment or criticize something, or if it is used for...

Can I find a lawyer to help my protecting my idea and finding investors?

Patents do not protect "ideas" but rather they protect the "structures" that allow the idea to work. If you have a "structure", whether...

Can I put a photo of my old fishing lures on a tee shirt and sell them legally?

It is unlikely that the fishing lures are protected by copyright as they are utilitarian products. The photo is your copyright property. If the...

Do I need to have a logo before applying for a trade/service mark?

You should work with an IP attorney who will first assist with a search for trademarks similar to that you propose. If yours is the same as or...

Is the process for a trademark and service mark the same?

Yes. Same type of application some different information re: the service. See IP Counsel.