Purely from an employment perspective, it is not illegal. One or both of the companies employing you may prohibit it as a contractual matter though.

Attempting to reserve what is basically a wire transfer is not fraud, nor illegal. They are trying to take their money back, not take your money....

Unlikely. You admit you were stealing, and then ran instead of turning yourself in.

You potential have a claim related to protected leave, but more info would be needed. Same with some other type of discrimination, but more info...

That's up to your employer, but probably.

If you are correct, it could be an ethics issue, so you may want to contact the Oregon State Bar's Client Assistance Office:...

They have two years to come after you for bodily injury, longer if it is just property damage.

Being on light duty does not give you any sort of protection. As noted above, they are not supposed to fire you for filing a worker's comp claim,...

Yes, underinsured is required in Oregon. No, they do not have to sue it. Though, even if they did use it, your son would not be off the hook. That...

No, overtime is based on the amount of work you do in a week for an employer.