Change status with premium processing

Upon applying for elevation, employer can try to also point out to a change on the I-129/H

Only with valid USCIS issued work permit.

I agree. Dispel the presumption of fraud by providing a proper, street address.

Do I need a new H-1B visa stamping or status change through I-539 if I am moving from H4 to H-1B (previously worked on the H-1B?

The correct answer to both your questions in "no."

What immigration judge response could be?

Can always try, but doubtful judge will agree without a hearing,

How long should I work for the employer after green card ?

You need to have a consultation in a confidential setting on this one.

F1 Visa advice for student whose family is in US on Asylum status. Will my visa case be denied because of that?

You will have to disclose that fact and it will become one of the "risk factors" as far as your application is concerned.

When outside the US, that is no longer considered any "CPT."

Each individual needs to respond to the questions on the I-944 based on his/her own individual facts/information.

The N-400 is your individual application - spouse will not be allowed into the interview.