It may be a malpractice case. Medical malpractice means that a doctor violated the standard of care. A bad outcome is not enough. Another doctor...

Possibly. Consult with experienced malpractice attorneys in the state where this occurred.

The lawsuit would take place where the malpractice occurred, here it is likely New York.

You might be unsuccessful in attacking service. You might be best directly attacking the merits of the case. Consult with experienced civil...

You may have a legal malpractice case. Consult with experienced malpractice attorneys in the state where this occurred.

If a party is ordered to mediation and they do not comply, they can be sanctioned by the court.

You need to file court papers and or take other action to show the debt is not yours. You may even have a lawsuit against them. Consult with...

File a claim for f exemption. They might not be able to get anything from you and you might not even need to file bankruptcy. Consult with...

They can but might not file a lawsuit. Make certain the debt is legitimate before taking any action.

You need to arrange with the court a recall and compliance with the order.