Do I have a case for a bad reference against my former employer?

It is probably more opinion than fact so a defamation case may not succeed. But a good attorney may be able to convince the employer from stopping...

You must file an answer or a motion within 30 days of being served. Look at the Judicial Council Forms and research affirmative defenses and how...

You must file the lawsuit before service.

How can I defend myself against a hit and run claim in which I am at fault, but I was in danger?

Get a criminal defense attorney right away.

In a co trustee situation is it necessary to involve a trust attorney to settle the trust and does the trust pay the attorney?

No you are not required to use an attorney to settle an estate but you may find that an attorney is needed. Yes the trust pays the attorney. ...

Can i serve a inmate or can the baliff do that?

Instructions are here: https://www.saccourt.ca.gov/family/docs/fl-serving-incarcerated.pdf

Must another process be used to formally dismiss a previously named defendant? I filed a complaint naming 10 Defendants.

You must file a dismissal of those parties.

Can I be sued for an action at work?

Your company should provide you an attorney. It seems like a weak case.

Should I have to pay for services rendered despite the fact they severely hurt and damaged my dog?

No you should not have to pay. Show the vet your receipt for care for the burn and photographs.

File a small claims Lawsuit in your county courthouse.