Can I sue my co worker for libel in this situation?

Yes, what you describe fits the requirements: publication of a statement of fact. that is false, unprivileged, has a natural tendency to injure...

There is no set time, other than a “reasonable time.” Have your attorney work out a new date with the attorney or to contact the Court.

I won a case in small claim court for non paid rent .

You will need to appear at the trial de novo and present your evidence and care again.

You can sue the seller. If it is under $10,000, you can file in small claims court.

They should tell you. But this would not warrant a lawsuit.

You would need to find other attorneys and request the Court remove your current attorney.

Can i sue the city for sewage backing up in my home my parents own the home i live there

Yes you can. You can make a claim on your own insurance, also.

Can I get out of my lease and my son be compensated if he developed asthma from the tenant below us second hand smoke?

If the lease provides no smoking, you may be able to break your lease.

Under what statute or case law may I have a jury trial in superior court based on a trial de novo from a failed labor hearing?

The law does not allow a jury for these claims. Submit the same evidence to the judge.

Do I have recourse against my clients if my business "partner" has secretly arranged to take money that is due to "our" Co?

It depends on how the best business is set up. If it is his business alone, you would have no claim against the clients.