This depends on what you are trying to prove. Generally, you must have an original or certified record from the Government.

Is it possible to apply to permanent residency directly from a f1 visa?

Yes, it is possible to pursue permanent resident status while on an F-1 visa.

What is the remaining time for my case to be current

You can visit the Visa Bulletin at www.state.gov for this information and updates.

What is the remainig time for my case to be current

As of May, visas are available for petitions filed on or before December 8, 2001 in that category.

Visa bulletin F2A retrogressing for Mexico. How will this affect our case?

The case may be held in abeyance, pending the priority date returning to current status.

Can I use my unused OPT time after working on H1 visa?

No, that is not going to be possible.

Traveling on multiple US visas

If you are coming to the US to continue to work, you had best use the H-1B visa.

My son is living with, not married to an illegal alien. They have a U.S. citizen child, with my son's last name, not hers.

No, she cannot legally do that. However, your son should consult with a family law attorney to protect his parental rights and those of the child.

Should I maintain health insurance during the grace period of the J-1 visa.

It is probably a good idea to remain insured as long as possible.

K1 visa or Green Card, application from outside of US.

These are two completely different processes. If you are a US Citizen, you need to consider the time required to file, where you would like to get...