If a husband who is a US citizen filed for bankruptcy now, will it affect the I-130 petition filed for her wife?

No, but he may need a co-sponsor when he files an affidavit of support on her behalf. Please see

For a US citizen, is it ok to petition for parents and spouse at the same time? How long it takes for each of them to come?

Yes, you can apply for your parents and your spouse at the same time. Since they are all classified as "immediate relatives", there is no quotas...

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Would i be able to come back to the Us?

On what basis do you propose to apply for a work permit, or for a green card? Please see

Separation and Divorce after I-751 approval

The bona fides of your marriage has already been approved by the USCIS. The only immigration consequence of your divorce is that you will have to...

What counts as a conviction for immigration

Please see

VAWA Citizenship waiting time?

I agree with my colleague.

File i-485 or wait for I-130 approval?

If she is still in removal proceedings, you have to file the I-485 with the Immigration Judge at her next hearing. If she is no longer in removal...

Hi, im married to a permanent resident, im used to come in usa with a valid tourist vis to see him from 2007 evry 2 or 3 months,

You should apply for your green card abroad. Please see

Second marriage and conditional green card

She must file an I-751, and she must demonstrate that her prior marriage was bona fide. Please see

H1b working from US employer remotely from Canada

This does look like an immigration question. If you are working in Canada, then you don't need an H-1B to do so.