You must legalize your status to get a SS number and card. You should be consulting with a Board Certified immigration lawyer.

You need a better lawyer. This depends, first, on whether you are eligible for AOS if you are out of status. You don’t need the CIS receipt...

You simply stay in H-1 status until your H-4 EAD is approved. Unless there is more to the story.

Marriage cases are normally interviewed in 12-14 months. With two RFEs it may be longer. Good luck

You file one petition for your brother. Please it’s that visa quota is backlogged more than 20 years.

It looks s assumed by “cooling period” you mean grace period. Which at most is ten days. If your H-1 petition is approved, it will be sent to the...

There are no legal issues which apply to what you wish to do. That does not mean there will not be some type of bureaucratic delay; but that is...

Chargibility is based the country of birth, not citizenship.

Yes, that can be corrected later but you should now tell NVC anyway.

As explained, you should consult with a Board Certified immigration attorney to analyze his US citizenship.