There is no way to predict if you will be approved or not. Certainly if you do not file you will not be approved.

If you get a court order terminating your ex spouse's parental rights, you can apply for a passport on behalf of your child.

Looks good to me. You can write a letter like that.

There is no set amount of time, unfortunately, for USCIS to make a decision.

Recapture just requires proof you did not live in the U.S. If you are not in the U.S. in H1b status, you cannot port to a new employer, but you...

You are not required to withdraw your TPS application to qualify for adjustment of status.

If it is a conviction, certainly. Even if it is not, it may prevent you from demonstrating good moral character as required for naturalization.

The site visit very well may cause an issue with changing to H4, if USCIS finds that you were not in status due to working remotely.

I have clients who did successfully litigate to get an appointment at the U.S. consular office abroad.

You can either wait, or file a lawsuit if you believe it is taking longer than normal.