I was fired because my boss never told me my schedule?

I agree with the prior answer. Nothing illegal about this termination based on the information you provided.

Legally, how should I approach my improper treatment as an employee via "independent contractor" clause in an unsigned contract?

I agree with Messrs. Mullen and Tuttle.

How can I use claim preclusion in my defense in this situation? This is federal civil litigation.

You are in way over your head. You need to find a lawyer to represent you.

PROCESS FOR FILING MOTION TO LEAVE TO ENTER COUNTER CLAIM & JURY DEMAND

You need to read the applicable rule of civil procedure. You'll probably have to file a motion asking for permission.

Regarding Summary Judgment

Also check the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Local rule of court and court scheduling orders would also come into play.

Where can I find a complaint for fraud that has successfully past muster for the heightened pleading requirements?

Sign up for pacer.gov and search for complaints involving fraud.

Yes, they can terminate you regardless of whether you sign the form or not. If, on the other hand for example, you have a legitimate religious...

Workplace harassment what to do? Help please! Someone who just likes to cause problems for no reason,

Situation is unclear; however, bullying in the workplace is not illegal unless based on a protected characteristic and there does not appear to be...

Do i have a case of arbitrary enforcement in the workplace and do i have a legitimate claim to back pay and/or my old position?

Fire department? Explosion? Flames? Smoke? Fire department says your tiny little can caused property damage? Your former employer did not even have...

I was fired will on leave on medical leave

If you were employed by this employer for at least one, worked at least 1,250 hours in the prior 12 months, and the employer has at least 50...