I'm trying to figure out how they'll financially survive here if they have to wait 18 months to get a work permit.

They should have an immigration attorney before completing and submitting the asylum application as the application must be based on a credible...

Can J-2/EAD converted to J-1 before the J-1 waiver (Conrad 30) approval of the primary J-1 holder?

As my colleagues have noted more information is needed. Speak with an immigration attorney directly or your program sponsor.

Is there anything that could be done in this case ??I am ready to hire an attorney to proceed with it .i need help with this.

You will need to establish your eligibility on your own merits.

Is it possible to change the status if yes how? And how many chances are there to get the visa changed

There is no limit on the number of status changes that may be approved, however, the applicant must establish eligibility.

How would I go upon that? What applications do I need to file?

You can change your name at naturalization or in civil proceedings. To change with CIS try filing an amended petition.

Can this person be petitioned for even with this past?

There is enough information to suggest the person may be eligible to return but the specifics are needed to provide a good assessment. Contact an...

You must marry within 90 days of arrival. The child does not provide an avenue toward resident status until the child reaches 21. Speak directly...

Is it safe to COS to H1 later without a payslip for half month?

Since your change of status has been approved it is not likely to become a concern. If it does you should have evidence of your continued...

Is this common? Should I go to the USCIS local office?

It may be an error in the system. Be sure to enter all 13 digits.

When to petition for a sibling? After earning citizenship or as a permanent resident?

A sibling may only be petitioned for by a US citizen. You will need to wait until you are a US citizen.