What factors are considered when a custody issue arises?

Basically anything... The Standard is best interests of the child

Can the other parent of your child take said child to another state even if there a current court order enforce prohibiting that

If the order prohibits it, you need to immediately file a violation proceeding...and seek immediate relief by order to show cause

You can sue for divorce and address all related issues therein; his mistress having a baby does not add any claims nor entitlements but certainly...

Should I go to court to fight for 'joint survivor benefits' from my husbands pension?

Discussion with counsel is certainly needed. Important factors are each of your ages, your own work/earning abilities, your anticipated retirement...

What is a dispo hearing in an arrears case ?

Sounds like it is an issue of how to punish you for not paying. If failure to pay is determined to be willful, the court can consider...

Can I now get a lawyer and submit another petition?

Much depends on the basis for the dismissal; consult counsel.

Am I allowed to move our daughter into another state without her fathers consent?

Presuming there are no court orders prohibiting same, you can likely make the move. But, barring emergent safety issues, only NY has jurisdiction...

Yep...Federal law trumps state law.

How do I file petition?

Petition need be filed in a not so complicated proceeding....

Does readjustment of child support after alimony stops count toward three year review of child support?

The law is 3 years from the date of the last support order