Immigrant visa via father (F2B)became current. can I adjust status from period of Authorized stay "pending I589" ?

I agree. Only if grandfathering exception applies to your situation. Authorized stay is just that: you may stay without accumulation of the...

Are you from Canada? It all depends on your circumstances. Consult with an attorney.

It means you should hire an attorney ASAP.

Yes, as to garnishing. You should speak with an attorney and see what you can do about the judgment so that it is not an issue.

Applying for an asylum. Will this affect the chances of getting a visa in the future?

a request for an asylum shows that you would like to stay in the US. Future applications for non immigrant visa/status may be denied based on this...

Which are the strongest reasons I can point to tell the immigration, because I want to stay here?

Well, U visa principal was supposed to demonstrate that he/she suffered serious harm. I think you should see an immigration attorney in your area.

Is my immigration attorney incompetent? Still stuck in Green Card step 1 after several months.

It is actually your employer who is filing those documents, not you. You are just the beneficiary. It is impossible to say what went wrong, and if...

Applying for a greencard

She will need to maintain permanent resident status: she is likely to have to apply for a re-entry permit after she gets her permanent residency so...

I am on h4 dependent visa. My husband expired on July,30 2014. Is my H4 status still valid?

Your status depends on your husband's status. His status is dependent on LCA, H1B petition and I-94; as well as facts like: valid employment; etc...

CITIZENSHIP AND INCOME TAXES

I am confused. Are you saying you did not file taxes but presented documents as if you did? I think you should consult an attorney in person,...