How to form a new LLC: owned and formed by the existing LLC (not the individual)

Name naming your present LLC as the registered agent and registered office, even if were permitted in the state we are forming the LLC, would not...

Is my income effectively connected for federal taxation?

From the facts you provided, it sounds like US based income. If you consult with a good tax and business attorney, the business could be structured...

The form requires the entire SS# of the non-custodial parent.

IRA conversion

I am not sure what you mean. When you convert an IRA to a ROTH IRA, it is taxed as income in the year of conversion. The growth in the ROTH IRA...

Rather than cashing the check, try depositing it into your bank account. If the Power of Attorney is approved by the Bank you use, it should not be...

Can I be responsible for paying the spouse part of IRS debt if the separated spouse cannot make his part?

If you signed the return as married filing jointly, you are jointly and severally liable. That means you are responsible for the entire balance...

What can be done to fix this mess

First, you can file an amended return without the IRA deduction and pay the difference. Since you already filed, some other options such as a SEP...

Can the Tax Advocate Service stop collection activity or provide relief if you are on disability and financial hardship?

Frankly, the Taxpayer Advocate is not useful in these cases. You really need a good tax lawyer to represent you. Remember, what the IRS considers...

What can I do?

Send a copy of the W-2 to the IRS. Next get a professional @

By hiring a US-based employee, does a foreign company become subject to corporate income taxes in the US?

Probably not based on the fact that you are just doing remote research. You company should retain a good tax attorney.