You can review through the USCIS webpage directly.

You should be okay when applying under the 5 year rule.

Very hard to say as interviews can take years after filing.

Timing varies but generally 2-3 years post I485 filing.

Yes you may file for citizenship while the I751 is pending if otherwise eligible.

Contact USCIS directly for correction.

No unfortunately this is not an option as you must first have your conditional residency.

Proceed with the divorce and seek alternate means to residency.

You can submit a FOIA request for your immigration file.

You can check this information on the back of the physical card.