No, you can not file at a service center that isn't the correct one for your residence address.

F-1 visa interview outside home country?

Yes, if a US Consulate in another country will agree to make an appointment, you can go there for the interview.

Be patient ... CIS is taking more than 2 months to process applications/petitions ... they regularly re-direct papers that may, or may not, have...

Who's gonna work with my case if attorney stopped responding my inquiries?

Contact the NY bar association: https://nysba.org/public-resources/guide-to-attorney-discipline/

What did your employer's lawyer say when you talked to him/her?

Although I don't think that this is possible, you can contact a school district in LA.

If my visa is approved when does the clock start ticking on its expiration? From date approved, stated arrival,or actual arrival

I must agree with my colleague ... this is not a question of US immigration law.

If convicted for criminal possession of marijuana 2nd-degree pl in 1986 disqualify said person from acquiring US citizenship?

You forgot to mention the number of grams that were involved in your case.

You should be fine using up-to 60 days to leave. But, heed my colleagues point ... many consulates deny F-1 visa stamps after being H-1B.

Your question is a little confusing. Talk to the Consul General of Peru, or the passport office if you are currently in Peru.