Can get my $$ back on a used car sale if it can't pass inspection in Tx?

Yes you can with a written guarantee and warranty from seller no if bought as is.

Is it legal to use money as leverage against the defendant when you're a plaintiff to get them to respond in court a certain way

No clue complicated situation hire lawyer to advise.

Will my friend Eric still have name on lease (paying off eviction) if my sis does bankruptcy when both their names were on lease

No way to know what's up? Consult a local attorney to review all the circumstances to explain what's up.

I am a legal US citizen and my parents don't have a valid Texas ID or Drivers license. Is it possible for me to get my permit?

Sure why not? Call DPS to be sure search their website.

Unlawful early move out

Legal sure they can ask for what ever they want fees, attorney fees and whatever the lease states no way to know none of us have the case. Perhaps...

I have an old or former Alien Registration Receipt card from 1988. Can i still work in the US using this card?

You answered your own question update it.

What, if any, are the legal ramifications for offering a reward for the arrest and conviction of a Peeping Tom?

Nothing you can offer a reward for whatever. Without police involvement nothing.

So I just got a local ordinance citation for drug paraphernalia is that a violation of probation ?

Could be what does the terms and conditions of the probation state?

That the case is active, not concluded or disposed.......................

Yes you can sue.......................................................best of luck.