This question has far too many parts to answer here.

I sent my i-485 and work authorization together forgetting the i-130 can i send it without the receipt of i-485

Just wait for them to send back your papers. The bad part is you might have to pay twice.

What is a support letter for someone in immigration

Speak to the attorney involved in the case.

It's descretionary. No way to know what will happen. I'm guessing it won't be 5k.

I was approved for asylum and I was given a restricted social security card (valid with work authorization only).

Go back and talk to the office manager as instructed.

Will there be a problem when I go for stamping already approved F1 visa?

Getting your visa stamped is not required, so there is no need to make a special trip-- if that's your intent.

J-1 visa 2 year home residency requirement

Marriage to a US citizen has no affect on your duty to adhere to the foreign residency requirement.

How soon can I apply for US citizenship?

Your clock starts over, and you must wait 5 years.

I was giving 3 years of probation which will finish by next year. My concern is if I show up will I get incarcerated?

We need to review your case in detail. This might be serious.

I have a law degree from India.I found an employer who wants sponsor H1B visa.Is that possible? I will be a Paralegal.

You posted this 3 times, so read the first answer.