Can the HOA deny us having this shed on the side of our house even though it's for medical reasons? Are there military exceptio?

Read the HOA documents. You may or my not have an option.

What can we do about an employer who refuses to accommodate my medical condition?

The issue is: do you have to work there? I personally am risk averse. Get a good recommendation and another job.

Can I sue someone if they made my car value go down?

Who are you going to sue? The vandal? Has he/she been identified? Any money? Be happy you had insurance.

I got injured on the job and received disciplinary action before receiving medical attention ?

Somebody who knows Federal Tort Claims, may assist you.

Can I sue my apartment complex for not having security cameras in the parking lot?

See if you can gather signatures from your fellow tenants for cameras.

Can I sue planned Parenthood for incomplete abortion?

Everything does not go right all the time. Here they are wiling to correct. If the $390 was to correct, they should pay the charge.

Can someone have my Identification card

Not understandable. You are complaining about loss of your card and yet do not want it back?

Can my landlord withhold my security deposit?

If there s a clause in your Lease that says so, it is the contract.

Can I sue my rental office for negligence and theft?

For negligence. But you have to prove what happened and the value of the things stolen. If the value is over $5,000, get a lawyer.

File for guardianship. Get an attorney.