when does the 3 / 10 year bar to re-enter starts ? After visa expires or when you get denied you adjustment if status ?

I agree, you need to discuss this with an attorney. You wife may or may not be eligible to adjust status. I would need more information to...

How do I get us immigration visa?

You will need the bank or another business to sponsor you for a visa or have a family member citizen sponsor a green card for you. It's difficult...

Can you be a pending asylee and still get employment based green card ?

This is a complicated situation. You will need to sort this out with an attorney.

Yes, it might have a negative impact. It's preferable to have an honorable discharge.

You can invest but you cannot have another "job". So if you are a worker at the company and hiring and firing, it may violate the terms of your...

EAD is pending?

It generally takes 3-4 months these days.

Will I become out of status if I resign from Company A and H1 B transfer is not initiated by that time ?

There is a new 60 day grace period that goes into effect the last day of your employment. If it's only a couple of weeks, it should be fine.

TPS is just temporary. Since they are your potential employer, you should follow their direction in regard to gaining the appropriate work...

Can i choose to stay on F1 OPT EAD Extension status even after H1B is approved? Even if i travel outside US in the meantime?

If your H-1B is approved then it will go into effect this year. I would review your options with an attorney. You have too many moving parts to...

I am preparing to renew my EAD and I don't know how to answer question 16.

You should consult with an attorney. There is not enough information to provide an appropriate answer.