Yes, H-1B extension beyond the sixth year can be sought based on an approved I-140 valid for 2 years so long as priority date is not current

You can apply for OPT, however whether it will be granted or denied depends on whether this information is readily available to the authorities and...

Usually it does not take 10 days to get a Premium Processing receipt. Your employer should get an email sooner.

Some part of your recital is confusing. You say you were issued I-94 when H-1B was approved and you also say you never worked on H-1B. Can you...

Derivative status is based on primary. He could stay if you have a short travel. However if you are denied the visa, he will depart as well as...

You may be eligible to seek a waiver of joint filing. However the DV charge if you are the accused might complicate the process. H-1B can also be...

It depends on how long you worked without proper authorization. If it was a short period due to an oversight, it is usually excused.

Either you get convicted and punished for the crime or the charges are dismissed against you. Both cannot occur. You may want to amend and repost.

You did not mention when and for how long you were employed by this employer abroad. Re-post with more accurate details.

It depends on numerous factors. Some projects are permissible whereas other may not be depending on supervisory requirements and the role.