How long can california hold an inmate for criminal charges from sc and probation violation hes been there almost a month?

At least 30 days. WHERE has he been for a month? SC or CA? Did he waive or contest extradition?

The Sheriff usually serves these....if you can't find him though, you need to hire a private investigator to find him and serve him.

This isn’t a DIY project. Retain counsel.

I can’t recall the last time a murder victim testified.

How can I get a car back from border patrol?

You’ll have to ask them about it.

What happened if the volunteer judge does not show in court ?

Seems unlikely.

Called deputy to report criminal 2-party consent state law violated against me , but he insists the "LAW" is now a civil matter

I tend to agree with the deputy on this one--appears to be both a "civil" and a mental health issue.

Can the district attorney take my case toourt and not ask if I want to plead to my case nor was asked by my public defender

There's more to this story. Speak to your attorney about defending the case.

You can only grant that type of "permission" through a "Power of Attorney" which is a legal document.

Will California, San Francisco, extradite me from California, Irvine, for a charged misdemeanor?

Within the state of CA, it's not an extradition. They just transport you from one county to another. Get a lawyer to help you with this.