Is there any advantage to the K-1 visa as opposed to getting married in Canada and then moving to the US?

K-1 visa has 4 steps. CR1 has 2 steps (cheaper, a little longer than obtaining the K-1 in terms of US entry.)

Green Card queries?

I would give it 60 days to receive the green card.

Me and my wife had been TNT, for almost sixteen years now, however, we had an approved i-130 petition . . .

Already asked and already answered.

Filing i-485, change of status. .

Since you are both working illegally, your income cannot be counted. Even if you obtain a co-sponsor (A U.S. Citizen or Lawful Permanent Resident...

Does the new DS2019 issued after a J-1 extension, change the subjection to 212(e)?

Since it's an extension, no it does not change it to 212(e).

Affirmative Asylum pending for 2 yrs in LA. I am planing to move to San Francisco, will I retain my filling date in San Fran ?

Yes, the filing date will always be the same. You need to notify USCIS AND the asylum office of your new address and this is when things often go...

Green card for my sister in India

If her daughter (your niece) is a U.S Citizen, she can petition her and your sister will have a visa available immediately to her. If you petition...

I worked with a fake social security almost for 15 years

https://www.ssa.gov/legislation/testimony_031004.html It's risky but if you can prove that the social security number doesn't belong to someone...

Marriage to a U.S. Citizen is very forgiving. Unlawful employment and unlawful presence is usually waived.

My spouse is a physician working on J1-waiver program - conrad 30. I am a US citizen. Can my wife apply for immigrant visa throu

She could also apply for a waiver. https://www.uscis.gov/working-united-states/students-and-exchange-visitors/conrad-30-waiver-program