In most states, your marriage would be void under public policy. Therefore, it would not be valid for visa adjudication purposes. In NY, even...

You have not mentioned if the sponsoring spouse is a US Citizen, if so, you may and should refile quickly. If the sponsoring spouse is an LPR,...

Yes, you may still sponsor your spouse. Work with a qualified immigration attorney.

Start here: https://do.usembassy.gov/visas/nonimmigrant-visas/

If you are a competent adult, your mother would not have the ability to obtain guardianship of you.

Your friend needs to privately consult with a qualified immigration attorney. An immigration hold evidences the government's intent to deport.

It is unlawful to enter on a non immigrant visa, with the intent to adjust status and remain. It is the intent upon entry that is relevant.

Work with an attorney to obtain the necessary documents to file the N-600.

Travel is not advised but is possible with an approved I-131 for each parent. Leaving before then would result in the abandonment of their...

The answer remains the same. If you were a US Citizen, when the child was born, and are the child's parent, then you should file for the CRBA and...