J-1 VISA and green card questionaire issue

This seems to be an issue that is best addressed after a review of all the relevant papers by an immigration attorney. It is important that you...

Do I need to include my A number and SSN on my I-130 as I previously was an LPR?

please use both the A number and the SSN.

I'm searching for a lawyer with substantial experience helping Filipinos with tourist and green card visas.

Use this to find an attorney https://www.avvo.com/find-a-lawyer. There may be options for your friend but will require deeper understanding of the...

There is no provision for sponsorship of a visitor visa.

Based on the facts you have provided here the answer to each question is yes. There may be additional facts which could influence the ultimate...

If you do not have a valid EAD card currently, you cannot work.

Is passport enough to prove I'm a us citizen

Yes a US passport is enough to show US Citizenship

I want to file a petition for my mother.

It could. Best to work with an attorney to guide you through the process.

Am filling for my green card marriage petition based, do my wife and i need to file seperatly two different G-325 A forms?

I highly recommend retaining an immigration attorney for this. Please refer to the instructions for filing for Form I130 if you wish to pursue this...

Can I stay in the US while swiching from H1B cap exempt to regular H1B? If not, when do I have to leave the US?

No. You must depart from the US once the current job ends.