Collections coming after me for failing to pay a civil demand? Is Kohl's legall allowed to sell this as a bad debt?

A debt is property. If you owe money to them, Kohl's is legally entitled to sell the contract.

Will a foreclosure go on my credit?

I expect this is already being reported as "discharged in bankruptcy." Is that the way it shows up?

What type of attorney do I contact to get support in disputing a medical bill?

I suggest you speak directly with the doctor about it.

A friend of mine was overpaid for unemployment benefits in the State of Iowa in 2010. The overpayment was $4,500.00.

It's probably too late. But, are you trying to help this person or hurt him?

You will have to call and ask the corporate credit card issuer. I doubt it will be a problem, but ask the credit card company. I think that anyone...

Can I go after the authorized signatory?

Yes, you have legal grounds, but I am concerned that you are the victim of a major fraud scam. I suggest you go to the police.

Is it possible an employer opened a Corp. Expense Card with company as primary and then "flipped it" so employee is now primary?

Anything is possible. What you can do right now is demand that the collector validate the debt, by showing you proof that you owe it.

Garnished ?

I suggest you contact the lawyers for the other side immediately and see what they say in response to what you say. Write again if that doesn't...

If I make a payment on a disputed debt, to get it out of collections, is this an admission that the debt is mine?

Your worry is justified. Making a payment may be considered an admission, and starts the clock anew on the the statute of limitations.

Do I join this class action or go it with an attorney?

Something else for you to consider is whether you still have the legal right to pursue any claim at all. Unless your potential claim was listed as...