Can a F-1 student continue going to school with my AOS?

If you filed AOS from F-1 status to Lawful Permanent Status, you do not longer hold F-1 status. You may well use your EAD.

Can L2 status conversion and EAD be applied together?

The quickest way might be to apply for L-2 Visa stamp at a U.S. Consulate instead of filing COS. Upon entry in L-2 status you can submit the EAD...

Change of Status to F-1

Your change of status to F-1 was successful and you do no longer hold H-1B status.

Traveling within the US while adjustment of status is pending

Traveling within the US should not affect her I-485. As of traveling outside, I would advise not to until she obtains her green card.

Am I eligible to travel to US ? am L2 dependent .

Only if your husband still maintains L-1 status and he will need to extend it passed November 2016. You will also need an extension of your L-2...

What do i put in part c section 17 of the I-130 petition?

You need to list the current husband.

Selective service registration does not apply to you. Good luck!

How can I proceed.....Need your suggestion.

Have your potential employer hire an experienced immigration attorney to assess whether a CAP exempt H-1B petition can be filed.

If an alien whose form I-485 is pending, happens to travel outside U.S in an emergency, without I-131, how can he/she return?

You should contact the USCIS field office near you via infopass to request an emergency Advance parole stamp if you have already had fingerprints...

Did I filed a petition?

The answer would be no if you have never been a petitioner for immigration benefits on behalf of someone.