Can you petition outside he u.s if so, how?

Both my colleagues are correct. The problem with you staying outside of the US without a reentry permit is that you risk abandonment of your...

Asylum interview date

I agree with my colleagues.

I agree with my colleagues. You will be allowed to stay during the pendency of the timely filed change or extension of status.

I agree with both of my colleagues.

Not eligible for immigration pardon?

My colleagues are correct.

Does my A-file should have a copy of I-140 filed by my previous employer even though I-485 was never filed?

I agree with my colleague.

My wife needs her Date Of Naturalization.

Perhaps. You could try a FOIA request. Does your wife have a US passport? If so, that is proof of her status as a US citizen.

I am 53 years old, been here in the US since i was 7months old, I was born in Germany my father a US citizen born in Texas.

Go and see an experienced immigration attorney. You do not provide enough information to answer your question. You may already be a US citizen and...

H!B Stamping a month before expiration

I agree with my colleagues.

Ilegal immigrant girlfriend with two daughters and a U.S. citizen

My colleague is correct. What and where you will be able to do in order to "fix" your status really depends. Either try reposting with more facts...