How should I proceed with this matter? Do I have to pay back the loan?

You know the answer to this question already. Do the right thing.

I wanted to know if I had grounds to file a lawsuit against the company.

No case against the lender if they conducted a title search or otherwise followed normal lending practices. The case is arguably against your...

A NY criminal attorney will likely know the statute addressing your concern.

Joint Custody and Earned Income Credit for 2015 taxes

This question is best asked of the accountant preparing your taxes.

Can I claim my grandson on my taxes if he lived with me for 7 months out of the year

This question is best asked of the accountant preparing your taxes. I doubt there is enough information here to reply.

What is the best course of action we should take for our non-citizen legal ward if our final goal is citizenship and adoption?

An immigration attorney in your area should be able to address this issue.

Do I have a case?

Move on. There was no intentional act and testing is not foolproof.

Identity Fraud within the IRS

The only abbreviation for MN that rings a bell would lead me to believe the proceeding or jurisdiction is Minnesota.

Is that a speed trap? What happens if she ignores the ticket? Will this action affect her application for citizenship?

Hire an attorney and let them go to work for you.

Who is the sleeping partner in this agreement

I must admit the language is vague and not well written.