Being ordered removed has a 10 year bar to admission. After ten years, there is no bar to admission based solely on having been in removal...

The green card states the date your permanent residence began. You can use that date to calculate the five years.

She should not need to get a new visa, but rather she should be able to be admitted to the US. on the visa that she has.

Yes, you can file an I-360 with your pending I-130 and I-485. No, it is not a basis for VAWA that your wife spends too much time with her...

Try this link: https://www.uscis.gov/newsroom/alerts/uscis-updates-policy-to-automatically-extend-green-cards-for-naturalization-applicants

You should wait until six months before her status expires before filing for her extension of H4 nonimmigrant visa status.

You can go back to the same civil surgeon to whom you went before and it could save you some money, as well as possibly saving you from taking more...

If you file a timely application for extension of status you will not accrue unlawful presence in the U.S. as long as that application is pending,...

You should respond yes, whether or not it leads to security checks. There is no bar to entering the U.S. for people trained in weapon use.

If you are in the U.S. in legal status you can use the dates for filing chart to determine when you can file the I-485.