If you are not getting divorced, then why complicate your case by filing for a legal separation?

Yes, you should be eligible to do that but you will need to make an argument about combining 245K with the exception to the "in status" requirements.

The short answer to your question is no.

Generally TPS is not a status that would allow you to file for adjustment. Rather, you would need to consular process for the visa.

You could try to change her to F1, or B1/B2, or allow her to return to her country and file a petition for her to immigrate, or perhaps she will...

No, filing a new PERM will not have any impact on your pending application.

if your adjustment is based on being the derivative spouse of the primary application, once you are not the derivative spouse, you are not eligible...

If you are consular processing for the immigrant visa, you can continue working in Canada until you get the immigrant visa, and get admitted to the...

Yes, it is permitted. Bring proof of the duration of your trip, and any documentation showing you must return to Canada.

You get an automatic 60 day extension under the COVID Flexibility rules.