Generally USCIS will grant one application for extension of status.

It should take less than that. But there is no right to get any decision at all so there is little you can do to force them.

I don't know if you violated your status, but if you did, it could prevent you from changing status to H1b. And if you get a RFE, the employer will...

Even if you were not convicted, it may support a finding of bad moral character. It would be safest to wait for five years, but you could argue...

I don't know what the CBP notice means, but regardless, you can return to the U.S. with your advance parole document.

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There is no way to know what question you are asking. Perhaps you should try calling CIS customer service.

CIS will send it back and you can file it again.

It might work but it is strongly not recommended. You will not be able to return to the U.S. without your U.S. passport.

If he made no false statements, it may not be enough to support a fraud charge. But it could be sufficient to support a finding of marriage fraud...

I would guess it will show up on the website before you get the receipt in the mail.