Your work permit should be enough to apply for a social security number.

Perhaps company A will take you back and you can withdraw the petition from company B.

It depends on your degree. Ask your DSO if this employment is included in your options practical training.

It depends on when your father filed the visa petition for you. If it has been reinstated, and it is available, there is no need to wait. It can...

Generally, from what I have seen, CBP will honor the advance parole and parole the individual back into the U.S.

You could certainly try that, if they are willing to do that for you.

It should not be possible, but congratulations!

Send them another letter letting them know they sent you the wrong response.

Getting TPS will not disqualify you from getting a green card. But getting a green card will end your TPS.

Employment based takes about three years and costs about $15,000. Marriage based takes about one year and costs about $8,000.