Switching jobs while PERM is in progress

It has no impact on your PERM at all.

I have filed I 539 petition for status change from h1 to F1. I am I eligible to work when the petition is pending and h1 expd.

Until the H1 is expired, you can work for the H1 employer. After it is expired, you cannot.

Residency

No, same as an adult.

As long is it indicates that the translator is fluent in both languages it is fine.

Can h4 dependant travel and thn file extension on return while the primary h1b holders extension is filed and awaiting approval?

It should not be a problem. However, what will you do if your spouse's H1b extension is denied?

I would love to join the US Navy and accomplish my dream.

There is no immigration law on the subject, it is completely up to the Navy. Contact a Navy recruiter.

Citizenship - A decision cannot yet be made about your application.

Probably not denied, but there is some risk since your long trips out of the U.S. were back to back in 2010-2011 as you indicated. It looks like...

I am on H1B & my spouse recently filed I130, I765 & I485 concurrently. Is it ok to proceed with GC process through my employer?

It's not a problem, you can adjust either way.

Green card renewal

Not earlier than 6 months before it expires, unless you are a minor.

I am an asylee and I already submitted my application for my Green Card, and it was been accepted, by uscis, did my background

Asylees are authorized to work with or without a work permit. However many employers require a work permit to comply with their I-9 filings.