I485, I30 pending after marriage and interview, disagreement in marriage and living apart for a while

Please seek qualified immigration legal advise.

Can I apply to jobs and tick "Are you legally authorized to apply for working in the US" as Yes?

You need an Approved EAD before being eligible to work.

Can I open my own convenience store after receiving EAD (marriage based)?

Yes you can do that. Good luck.......

Arrested while on immigration bond.....

Yes there can be another immigration hold.

Can I use my F-1 visa to attend same program next year and not this year (same Sevis ID ). Say admitted in MS for fall 2016

I am not sure I understand the question, Please rephrase it.

Talk to an immigration attorney who handles F1 cases and understands the process and working with DSO's.

Will a family based (F2B category) applicant who applied for adjustment of status will require a interview for green card?

Yes they will require and interview for the GC.

Any Post conviction Attorneys from Brazos County Texas that have immigration and criminal law background?

conduct a search on avvo.com and or ailalawyers.com you can search by location

Can I get an exemption for the 2 year residency requirement? Do I necessarily have to reside in my home country for that time?

You can apply for a waiver of the 2 year requirement. You should consult with a qualified immigration attorney.

Money order rejection

Get the money order from a bank in the US.