Is there any other recourse we have besides giving up our dog?

Your lease will govern your options. Read it carefully, and if you need to hire a lawyer to explain the terms you agreed on, please do so. Good...

Relationship / money

Unless you had a contract to pay for these items, he will have no proof that you agreed to pay. This is Disputes question, not a Bankruptcy matter

This Is why you would hire a lawyer, so that a motion for a continuance could be presented in writing with an explanation that meets the...

Do I have a reason to dispute the charge?

You cannot win a charge of public intoxication because you were on privately owned land.

Award of attorneys fees in lawsuit

Each out of state matter would need to have a request for attorney fees contained as part of the relief. On this scenario you post, that is not...

What happens at a Pretrial hearing?

A pre trial conference is a meeting of parties and the judge to discuss the case, the manner of the trial and a possible resolution. Your post...

Who is at fault?

If this went to a jury trial, I suggest that there would be decision that there is shared fault.

Is there anything I can do to prevent my wife from taking my daughter out of the country?

Hire an attorney to coordinate an emergency Petition so flight is not an option. Act fast. Once gone, the burden gets much harder.

What's the difference between non final and final orders and how it affects appeals?

From your brief description, it does not sound like a final appealable order. Did you have the judge make specific finding of finality? More...

What is the severity of firing this injury lawyer and getting a New lawyer at this stage.

As a first step, set a meeting and meet your lawyer in person. Start to build a relationship. You seem to have missed that step.