What is the penalty in small claims court if the judge rules that I did not prove my claims

You will receive no judgment, and no penalty based on the facts in your question.

If two people signed an enforceable lease, you can sue one or both of them for the full amount of unpaid rent that is owing.

I was served for a small claims suit. Before filing my counter the court ordered mediation. Can I counter or file suit before?

You may need to get permission from the Court to do that at this point by filing a Motion for leave to file a counterclaim.

What are real estate Options? How much is legal consideration for it in Michigan? Consideration differs in different states?

An option is an offer to buy or sell real estate that is held open for a period of time. The person holding the option has the choice of...