Tenant does not have a lease and isn't paying rent on time - is this a holdover case or a nonpayment eviction?

This sounds like a holdover case. Good luck.

What legal recourse does a divorced spouse have to retain possession of a home when not on the deed?

The divorce order should be reviewed to see if it specifies there what should happen.

Is tender a requirement In New York state for quiet title action?

You have a lot going on here. You should consult with a local attorney.

I agree with the previous two attorneys advice.

I need to bring suit against old mortgage holder who is trying to steal our equity

You need to make an application to the court to have the court order enforced.

Is a verbal agreement binding between co-owners of a home?

I agree with the previous two attorneys.

Can a ex who obtained his divorce in 2007 and signed the deed for the property get a judgment against said property,

If his name was still on the deed when the judgment was rendered then it is a lien.

Damages to my property ( Bathroom to be precise)

You have a lot going on here. You should consult with a local attorney.

Quiet title action federal court ?

You should consult with a local real estate lawyer.

Easement agreement. What kind of attorney would I use?

You should consult with a real estate attorney.