Can every defendant, in all jurisdictions, waive the right to a jury & choose a bench trial?

In civil trials, either side can demand a jury"".........".............

Can the FBI Charge my parents if they claim to have found something on my computer.

They can charge your parents, or you, or your neighbors, but proving the charge is another issue.

Hi how are you I am an nycer in position of a airsoft gun in this area what is the worst punishment possible if I'm caught with?

I do not believe that air soft guns are prohibited. You can check section 265 of the penal law or ask at your local precinct.

A defendant does not get sentenced to parole. Parole is a condition of early release from a prison term.

What are the possible but realistic punishments for this charge using a public attorney and is a private attorney recommended?

The maximum penalty is one year in jail. In NYC the chances of that happening are zero. A skilled attorney should be able to get the matter...

How can I request for a new judge who I think is unfair

If you thought he was a flight risk, presumably to protect bail you had posted, the judge did what you wanted.

If some one filed a false criminal report that resulted in arrest

Your question is disjointed and impossible to answer. If someone made a false criminal complaint against you, you could report that to either the...

Was I Wrongfully arrested?

Sounds like there was no basis for your arrest, but facts may differ. Make sure you do not plead guilty to anything if you wish to bring suit...

If a man confesses to witnessing a rape and knows the identity of the rapist but refuses to name him, is this illegal?

Duplicate question...short answer is refusal to be a witness is not a crime.

If a man confesses to witnessing a rape and knows the identity of the rapist but refuses to name him, is this illegal?

It is not illegal, I.e. a criminal violation, to refuse to name a criminal or cooperate with police. It would become a criminal violation if that...