What can I do when a client chooses to not return home on time and pay me for dog sitting?

Make sure the dogs are safe and take them to small claims Court for the money they owe you.

How would my case fall under a class?

Here is a link to the classes protected in New York State: https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/new-york-employment-discrimination-31665.html

Attorney Greenbaum gives you a good response. I would discuss the tax implications with your accountant.

What, if any, recourse do I have

Do you feel that any form of discrimination was in play here? Or was your employer simply mistaken to suspend you?

If you accrue vacation over time, you would likely be paid out whatever vacation you have accrued up to the date of your resignation.

How legal / illegal is this?

I would post this question to an immigration attorney, you may receive more answers.

If your fragrance is making someone sick in the office, the employer might rightfully require you not to wear that fragrance to the office. If...

What else can I do to make Zippy Shell respond to my request to return my stored items?

This does not appear to be a question of employment law, it may be better posed to a generalist attorney.

I do not know of a particular law that states you cannot be forced to carry your work cell phone to the restroom with you. Are they asking you to...

Is it illegal for someone to take a nude photo of me in my house without my consent and then threaten to post them online?

If someone is trying to threaten or extort you with nude images, contact the police right away. He is committing a criminal act and should be...