If I quote a Bible verse in my article, would it be considered there has two authors of this article?

If this is merely a quote then it is not going to be disclosed on the registration form and would not be considered a joint work clearly because...

Can this be resolved without having to pay their demands?

As noted, this is a very fact specific scenario and you need to get some proper legal attention on it. I suggest that you consult with a lawyer...

Can I use a brand logo on a personal shirt for my pet?

If this is solely for personal use you have no worries. But if you are using this in some way to promote yourself or a business, hobby, art, etc....

Can I prohibit my former music band to use material including me?

As noted, you have no way to prohibit their use of any of this content even though you are depicted in it. You may be able to enforce your...

How should I proceed in a matter where property was used without permission in movie/promotional items?

I think we need more detail here to address this. Are you concerned about the infringement of pictures that you are the owner of? Or did someone...

I want to change the tesla logo to look like a mandalorian visor and change the name tesla to teslalorian on a tshirt?

I'm not sure what your objective is. As noted, this can be a problem unless it is clearly in the realm of fair use like as a parody, but that is...

It's possible that in some cases you might be able to prove out some kind of unfair competition claim, but this might be a stretch here. An object...

Does my old friend have a claim on the work we produced together if we did it under an LLC?

As you already gleaned from the other answers this can be pretty complicated pretty quickly. The work performed for the LLC belongs to the entity...

Am I able to take inspiration from an iconic album cover, but produce a different (visually and substantively different) image?

It sounds like you will be creating derivative works from this. This is an infringement issue. Before you commit to anything, I suggest that...

No, there is no reason to believe this is problematic.