Am I required to list the ingredients of my sauce on the bottle if I plan to sell it? What type of info should the label have?

No. You are not required to list each and every ingredient. There is great latitude especially where it comes to spices, etc. As my colleague...

It depends. There is a difference between what is actually branded and what is merely labeled. Almost all products used for promotional purposes...

Am I required to pay legal fees for a copyright infringement claim which was immediately addressed/rectified?

Yes, a scare tactic is exactly what it is. No one is going to file a federal copyright infringement claim because you used one image on one...

Is this copyright infringement?

Only if there is some nexus between you and the infringer or if you are somehow benefiting in some way off of the infringement would I be remotely...

Quoting on a Calendar?

Using quotes will generally be permitted. This is largely because using what amounts to a very small portion of a much larger body of work will not...

I would like to add pictures of artists (who have been dead at least 50 years ) to my self published e-book for sale on my site.

What is the context here? Does your ebook discuss or comment on these artists? If so, then your use of their image should not be a problem...

Avg cost for IP protection and trademark?

As noted, this is something you usually do before you start spending money on the trademark. As for costs, no one here is going to list their fees...

Do I need to worry about this cease and desist? Trademark search showed nothing

In the US, trademark rights stem from use not from any registration. So they may very well have prior rights and you may be infringing. Or they be...

Trademark filed in same goods/services with same exact name but its a design mark.

This all depends on a number of factors and you have options even if the USPTO accepts their mark. If this is a real concern, I suggest that...

Can I register such trademark

This is not a place to come for trademark clearance and the only answer anyone can really offer on the forum is "maybe." Your trademark will be...