A parole stamp by itself does not allow travel / re-entry.

Are you married to a person in valid F-1 status? If so, you are eligible to change to F-2. We can file the change of status from within the US,...

Yes, there's no problem with filing for her change of status to F-1 while the L-2 extension is still pending.

Your attorney should mail this for you with a cover letter that responds to the RFE.

Yes, you should include the receipt number on the AR-11. Let me know if you have additional questions about the 751 process.

Yes, the 212(e) foreign residency requirement applies even if you are from Europe. There are a few options available to waive the requirement...

I'm not sure what you mean by a "temporary resident card." They could possibly file for an extension of their tourist visa if they entered on a...

What do you mean by approval letter?

There is a three month state residency requirement prior to USCIS calling you in for the examination. If you move to another USCIS district while...

It would be a good idea to file for the extension.