Believe it or not, that fact pattern is quite routine with USCIS. Administratively closed is not denied. You just need to make a request to reopen...

Hire a lawyer. If you can't afford one, apply for the public defender.

The joint sponsor must be a US citizen or permanent resident. You should really hire a lawyer to help you through the process.

You do not have to, but you should. There will be times in your life when you need the certificate. It takes a long time to get it.

Depends on how damaged, how long he's been outside the US, why he's been outside the US and other details. If he is living in Ecuador (meaning...

There is no such thing as an accusation hearing. YOu are likely confusing two separate things. You need to call - and hire - a lawyer.

You are supposed to apply within one year of arrival to the US or the occurrence of an event after you are in the US. You can apply any time....

Hire a lawyer. This is not about speed. This is about doing it correctly. You clearly do not understand the pros/cons risks/rewards of the decision...

Yes, you can apply for asylum (though the change in circumstances needs to be reviewed). There is no reason your employer should ever know you...

If you already have a green card and qualify for food stamps without making any misrepresentations, it will not affect your citizenship.