Creating a business similar to another

No. Based on your facts, the other party has superior common law rights.

Trademark a name like Stud, do I have to trademark everything that will be under the umbrella?

You only need to register STUD but you need to include in your application all of the goods and services that will be sold under the brand

Trademark Infringement and or Dilution question

A company name can certainly infringe a trademark. The question is how they are using the company name in promoting their wines. Assuming that...

Artistic painting on an existing character, but not directly from an existing image.

A very interesting question. My gut reaction to your question based on what I recall from some recent cases is that you MAY have either a First...

Show me the shape and I will give you a 100% guaranteed correct answer.

My trademark as a Youtube Tag Word, or as a YouTube video Title.

Sadly the law is still unsettled in this area. It is akin to keyword cases where the caselaw is all over the map on whether it's legal to use...

As long as you fully disclose in a clear and prominent manner that you are repackaging someone else's goods and selling them under your own brand,...

See link. I can highly recommend this website!!

If I purchase lingerie from a china-based wholesaler, can I sew in a label with my logo?

It's possible that the lingerie has copyrighted "content" such as lace design and fabric print. If this infringes someone else's copyright then...

My question is does a name like Yap which I find gernaric and common deserving of a narrow scope of protection.

I would suggest you try to rephrase the question. As hard as I tried, I could not understand it enough to even guess at what you are asking. I...