Yes a USC may petition for a spouse despite criminal record unless in violation of Adam Walsh act.

Yes you may apply for him without his passport.

An attorney must actually review the RFE and response items.

Unemployment benefits do not affect eligibility for naturalization.

This is a serious issue, one that should be discussed in a private setting with a lawyer.

Best to file for a replacement GC based on error.

The AR11 would be used to change the foreign nationals address.

The criminal case must be reviewed in full to determine immigration consequences.

Contact USCIS to have the card resent if it was undelivered.

Refer to the USCIS case processing for specific guidance.